A thermos found its first using in science. Sir James
Dewar, scientist from Oxford university, needed a vessel for his laboratory,
where he could have kept very cold liquids, for example liquefy gas. In 1892 he
invented a glass tumbler with dabble - walls, he emptied air between them and melted the
slot. It was of glass because, it is the bad conductor of warm. Vacuum was used because it
does not leads warm, it is relay a perfect warm insolent. On the top of it he provided
inside of the vessel with the surface by a mirror to reduce the escape of cool by
radiating.
In 1904 a German glass blower Reinhold Burger
and his college saw his vacuum flask. They realised, if this flask keep cool liquid, it
can keep them also warm and that it could be use by commercial way. They wrote a reward
for a most truthful name of this invention and in this competition a word thermos
(from Greek Therme "warm") won. Under this name they founded a company Thermos
GmbH. They put the glass flask into a next vessel, provided it by a plug and
a cup for a drinking . In 1907 Thermos GmH sold a trademark to
three independent firms (in the United states, Canada, England). All these firms produced
and improved these vacuum flasks in an independent way all time. So this flask could set
out to a world, from the northern (the expedition of Robert Pearly) to the southern pole (
E. H. Schackelton), it flew up with Wrights brothers by the aircraft and with a count
Zeppelin by the airship .
When the inside of the vessel started to be mechanical produced
there was a great increase production and the price went down. The vacuum flask become
very popular.
In 1928 a new type of the glass vessel with a volume 127 litres.
These vessels become very popular for icecreme and fish boxes especially.
During 2nd. World war The English Thermos Limited
was subordinate to military asks: with every 1000 English bombard aircraft’s so 10000
vacuum flasks started. Also more than 98 % of produce of The American Thermos
Bottle Company served a military object or for nuclear research. In 1946 the
produce returned to civic uses .
Today many firms on the whole word produce vacuum flasks. But all
are not the same quality. In a good vacuum flask you should have a warm drink with a
temperature of 50 degrees of Centigrade.
Cross-section of the thermos
(taken over from http://www.toysatellite.com.au/thermos/gallery/technical.html)
