When it is said Mesopotamia we usually recall clay small boards and a cuneiform patch. The Sumerian did not only invent the cuneiform, but – the greater enjoying a lot of them – maybe beer too. The history of beer started sometimes 5 000 years ago [it is an older drink than vine]. The Sumerians prepared beer [in Sumerian ” kas”] from barley breads and from malt. They did not know hop – plants and they added the bitter taste into beer with browning used breads in the hot ashes. In the end of 3^rd millennium before our age the Sumerians could produce more kinds of beer differenced mutually with a color and the volume of spirit. Generally these kinds of beer contained less spirit because the time of fermentation was shorter too. Next difference was in it that the beer was not clear and it was drunk with the grain straw. There is a mention about beer in the known epos about Ginghams; in Chammurabi code is a record about public retails of beer [2^nd millennium before our age]. These professes connected with cooking of beer were highly thought of by society. Breweries were even protected during time of wars.

The Egyptian accepted cooking of beer from their neighbors, their contribution was red beer, colored by squeezed fruit of mandragora.

The Greek and Roman preferred vine and they took beer like barbarian. Either the Celts did not like beer. But it was very popular for The German.

The ancient convents are often marked as the bearers of civilization knowledge and wisdom, but it is only little known that a hop – plant was grown in convent’s gardens at first [8 and 9^th century] and that some monks consecrated their life more beer than prayers. The first mentions about the hop - plant are from 11^th century even if in that time the beer without hop was dominated. The first brewing in Prague is dated in 1802. The first Czech brewing was built in Cerhenice in 1118. The speed development of brewing started in 13^th century only. In that time [1295] beer started cooked in the town, which granted it its name: in Plzen. The ancient beer was quite different from the beer from ours days. It was thinner, only little fermented porridge. For the most beer and especially for the cheapest kinds was used malt from wheat.

Only at the first of 17^th century barley became be dominated unambiguously. This beer was near the same like our beer even if there were only little hop and yeast was not putting away. In that time [1612] the first brewing in USA was appeared [in today’s New York on the famous Wall Street] and a little later [1634] the first pub was open. In that time more than a half of million hectoliter of beer was cooked in Bohemia. In 1712 in Bohemia 1 294 brewing already produced beer and the year production over came 1 300 000 hl.

Where beer is cooking …
(Taken from http://www.interacta.cz/accol/04brno/pegas_e.htm)

Let us return in Plzen. In the mentioned year 1295 burgesses started cooking beer in their homes. The first common brewing in Plzen was only in 1307. Beer was becoming more and more popular and his production was starting to be based on the first scientific researching. The thirty – war meant both cultural but so economical decline but also the decline in brewing. Still in 30ties of 19^th century was the quality of Plzen beer rather changeable. It was from this reason besides that in Bohemia so called upper fermentation was used, which went speeder [5 – 6 days] and over higher heat [20 – 25 degree of Centigrade] than the bottom fermentation used in neighbor Bavaria. And so the building of new brewing was starting, in which the production was opened on 5^th October 1842. This Citizens brewing was determined to production the beer with the bottom fermentation and Bavarian brewer Josef Groll was invited for it. However thanks the local material he managed to cook some other beer than he wanted. His lager had an excellent appetite and his famous was spreading with the unbelievable speed.

In these days 5 000 brewing are in the world, which produce 15 000 marks of beer. The various kinds of Plzen beer are just the larger part of this production.